{"id":8339,"date":"2020-06-20T01:24:27","date_gmt":"2020-06-20T06:24:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/?p=8339"},"modified":"2020-07-26T11:30:45","modified_gmt":"2020-07-26T16:30:45","slug":"umar-das-differenzierer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/umar-das-differenzierer\/","title":{"rendered":"Umar, das Differenzierer"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(part 1 of 3): \u201cStrengthen Islam with Umar\u201d <\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When the enemies of Islam heard the name Umar, their knees trembled. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">If they saw Sultan Umar walking on the street, they took a different route. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Even Umar&#8217;s friends sometimes found his presence intimidating, and they too feared his anger. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">However, this man of strength and power wept easily, and his heart was soft and compassionate. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was humble without being weak. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar united two different traits, and this made him unique among the men around the Prophet Muhammad. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s path to truth began with a violent hatred of Muhammad and the religion of Islam, which turned into violent love. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar ibn Al Khattab strengthened Islam.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar belonged to a middle-class family, neither rich nor poor, from the Adi clan, a branch of the Quraish. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He had had a tough upbringing, and his father had been known to let his son work to the point of exhaustion and to beat him when he thought it was necessary. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">However, Umar is believed to have read and write, an unusual skill in pre-Islamic Arabia. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He was born about eleven years after the Prophet Muhammad, was a fair-skinned boy who grew up to be a tall, well-built, muscular man known for his fierce nature and fighting skills.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar began his working life as a shepherd for his father and aunts, and he received a small wage, often just a handful of dates, for a full day&#8217;s work. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He supplemented his income by participating in wrestling competitions, but when he grew up, he became a successful trader and respected businessman. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was known as a man of strength. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">His demeanor and demeanor were severe, and his voice was loud and commanding. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When Muhammad&#8217;s teachings became a problem for the men in Mecca, Umar showed his hatred of Islam openly and took part in the abuse and torture of many of the weaker converts. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The two umars<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Although he wasn&#8217;t known by his name Umar, there was another strong man who was determined to fight Islam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This was the man who was originally known as Abu Hakim (father of wisdom), but has gone down in history as Abu Jahl (father of ignorance), an inveterate enemy of Islam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Prophet Muhammad, God&#8217;s blessing and peace be upon him, gave him the name Abu Jahl to denote his absolute ignorance of knowing the truth of Islam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Traditions show that the Prophet Muhammad once raised his hands to pray and begged God to strengthen Islam with that of the two Umars whom he loved most. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">It would have been inconceivable for the enemies of Islam and the companions of Prophet Muhammad for Umar ibn al Khattab to adopt Islam.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s hatred of Islam was so strong that he intended to kill the Prophet Muhammad. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Without hesitation, he strode through the streets of Mecca with the firm intention of drawing his sword and ending the life of the Prophet God. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">One of the Meccan men, who had secretly become a Muslim, saw the expression on Umar&#8217;s face, and he immediately realized that his beloved prophet was in danger. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Without fear of himself, he approached Umar and asked him where he was going so quickly. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar replied that he &#8222;went to the man who divided our people, cursed our gods and fooled us&#8220; and said: &#8222;I will kill him&#8220;.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The young Muslim, named Nu&#8217;aim, felt terror in his heart and tried to distract Umar with a conversation, but Umar was keen on his mission and continued walking down the street. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Reluctantly, Nu\u00b4man spoke the words that eventually brought Umar to Islam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He said, &#8222;Why don&#8217;t you take care of your own house first?&#8220; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar paused and asked him what he meant by these words. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s beloved sister and her husband had secretly accepted Islam and Nu&#8217;aim revealed their secret to protect the life of Prophet Muhammad.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar suddenly turned and headed for his sister&#8217;s house with determination. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When he got closer, he could hear the recitation of the Quran. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar knocked on the door. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The residents inside tried to hide their copies of the Quran, but Umar entered and wanted to know what &#8222;humming&#8220; sound he had heard. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s sister replied that it was nothing, they only talked, but Umar knew the sound of the Quran and asked menacingly, &#8222;Have you become a Muslim?&#8220; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s brother-in-law replied affirmatively, whereupon Umar attacked him and knocked him to the ground. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s sister tried to defend her husband, and in the scuffle Umar hit her face, which was bleeding. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Quran finds its way into his heart<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s sister seemed to have the strength her brother was famous for. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">She got up, looked at her brother angrily and said: &#8222;You enemy of God! You only hit me because I believe in God. Whether you like it or not, I testify that there is no God but Allah and that Muhammad is his servant and Envoy is. Do what you want! &#8220; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar saw the blood run down his sister&#8217;s face, her words echoed in his ears, and he rose. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar requested that the words of the Qur&#8217;an he had heard when he approached the house be recited.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u201cWe did not send the Quran down to you (Muhammad) to make you unhappy, but as a reminder to those who fear (God). <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(This is) a revelation from Him who created the earth and the high heavens. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(He is) the merciful, who rules majestically over His kingdom. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">His is what is in the heavens and what is on earth and what is between the two and what is under the earth. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">And if you (Muhammad) utter the word aloud, then truly, He knows the secret and that which is even more hidden. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Allah &#8211; there is no god but Him. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The most beautiful names come to him. \u201d <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(Quran 20: 2-8)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s eyes filled with tears. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">&#8222;Is this what we were against?&#8220; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">asked he. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">&#8222;The one who spoke these words must be worshiped.&#8220; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar left his sister&#8217;s house and hurried to Muhammad. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Those with whom Prophet Muhammad was with were frightened, but let Umar in and held him until he was in the presence of Muhammad. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Prophet Muhammad grabbed him and said, &#8222;Why did you come here, son of Khattab?&#8220;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar looked at the Prophet Muhammad with humility and joy and said: &#8222;O Messenger of God, I came for no other reason than to say that I believe in God and in His Messenger.&#8220; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Prophet Muhammad was overjoyed and exclaimed that God is great! <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">A few days later, Umar led a procession of Muslims to God&#8217;s house, where they prayed in public. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">It was on this occasion that Prophet Muhammad gave him the nickname Al-Faruq &#8211; the differentiator [1]. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">It denotes someone who is able to distinguish the truth from the wrong. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Islam was strengthened with Umar, his bad hatred melted into a love that knew no borders. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">His life and death were now dedicated to God and His Messenger. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Footnotes:<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[1] Taken from the historical work of At Tabari, &amp; The Life and times of Omar Ibn Al Khattab by Shaykh Ali Muhammad Salladi. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(part 2 of 3): A Man Like a People <\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar ibn Al Khattab was a strong and confident man whose heart was filled with a burning hatred for Islam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The prayers of the Prophet Muhammad, God&#8217;s blessings and peace be with him, and the sublime beauty of the Quran changed his mind, heart and life. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When Umar adopted Islam, he became a man who was devoted to the Ummah of Muhammad; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">as a Muslim he was satisfied when the ummah was satisfied and dissatisfied when the ummah was dissatisfied.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ummah is an Arabic word that roughly translates to nation, but as is the case with many Arabic words, it is difficult to translate. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The root of Ummah is amma, which means go or go and see. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The word imama means to show the way, for example, the one who leads the prayer is an imam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The word Umm, which means mother, source or origin, is also derived from this root.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In English-speaking and western countries, the word nation usually means a state whose members live between certain defined boundaries, which are often determined by differences in religion, race or ethnicity. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This is not the definition of ummah. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ummah means the community of believers that binds one purpose &#8211; to serve God. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Together they are strong, individually they are weak. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Each member is connected to everyone else in a spiritual way, which can also have physical manifestations. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When part of the ummah is in pain, the whole ummah is suffering. [1] <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u201cAnd this your community is a unified community and I am your Lord. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">So fear me (and no one else). \u201d <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(Quran 23:52)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">To illustrate this, we can look at the pictures that you have probably seen on TV, where Muslims mourn the abuse and abuse of their brothers in distant countries. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When one member suffers in the ummah of Muhammad, the pain in the hearts of the other members is real. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Muslims stand up for what is morally correct, and inhumanity has no place in the Islamic religion. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar ibn Al Khattab immediately recognized this unique quality and declared himself a man of the Ummah.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When Umar ibn al Khattab adopted Islam, he wanted to become part of his community and he wanted to declare his membership in this unique nation. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar wanted to belong to this Ummah, in her joy and pain. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">At the time of his conversion, the weaker members of the Ummah suffered from systematic abuse and oppression, often by Umar himself, but now his heart felt their pain and he wanted to be part of it. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar did not want his Islam to go unnoticed; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">he immediately informed the enemies of Islam that he was a Muslim.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">At first, the Meccan men who had not accepted Islam were shocked and did not respond to Umar&#8217;s conversion, but as the news spread, they gathered at the house of God and attacked Umar. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Finally Umar, the strong, muscular wrestler, sat in the midst of his attackers and they beat him. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar soon recovered from his beatings and made Islam strong. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s heart was full of love for his brothers and sisters in Islam. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Prophet Muhammad said: &#8222;If there had been a prophet after me, it would have been Umar ibn al Khattab.&#8220; <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">More than strength<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Abu Bakr As Siddiq and Umar were the two companions closest to the Prophet Muhammad. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Ali Ibn Abu Talib is reported to have said that Prophet Muhammad went out with Abu Bakr and Umar in the morning and returned with Abu Bakr and Umar in the evening. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Prophet himself referred to Abu Bakr and Umar as his eyes and ears, and said that they were his advisors to the people of the earth. [2] <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar assisted the Prophet in all of these trials and temptations that happened to the Muslim Ummah.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When the Muslims emigrated from Mecca to the city of Medina, they all left the city in a well-planned, secret emigration; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">but not Umar. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He was the only Muslim to publicly announce his emigration, declaring that he was emigrating, and invited anyone who felt strong enough to challenge him. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar swung his sword over his head and walked his head high through the streets of Mecca and his heart, which was no longer filled with hate, was now burning with a hot love for God, His Prophet Muhammad and his fellow believers. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When the Prophet Muhammad founded his Ummah, Umar stood by his side.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Even if you remember more about his strength, Umar was also known for being a pious and generous man. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He spent the nights in prayer, often waking his family in the last third of the night to join him in his prayers. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He was a staunch believer, confidently trusted in God&#8217;s promised paradise, and willingly donated his wealth to the cause of God and for the benefit of believers. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">One of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad reported [3] that Umar had once distributed 22,000 dirhams to the needy and that he had a habit of giving away bags of sugar. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When Umar was asked why he was distributing sugar, he replied: &#8222;Because I love him and God says in the Quran:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">\u201cYou will not attain benevolence until you donate what you love; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">and whatever you donate, see, God knows. \u201d <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(Quran 3:92)<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was one of the ten men to whom the Prophet Muhammad gave the good news that he would come to paradise. [4] <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This did not prevent him from working tirelessly all his life to please God. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He was a man of knowledge, a man known for his generosity and restless devotion to the worship of God, and perhaps more than that, he was devoted to the Ummah of Muhammad. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Prophet Muhammad advised us all when he said: &#8222;A man is not a true believer until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.&#8220; [5] Umar wanted paradise, but he wanted it for every man , any woman or child who has ever believed that there is no God but God and that Muhammad is His Messenger. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">So was Umar <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">who differentiated the truth from the false; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">he was a man of the Ummah.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Footnotes: <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[1] Sahieh Al-Bukhari, Sahieh Muslim. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[2] At Tirmidhi. <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[3] From the &#8218;Stories of the Rightly guided Caliphs&#8216; by Imam Ibn Kathir <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[4] At Tirmidhi <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[5] Sahieh Al-Bukhari, Sahieh Muslim, &amp; others. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">(part 3 of 3): The Leader of the Believers<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar Ibn Al Khattab was the second Khalif of the Muslim Ummah (nation), and the first Muslim leader to be called the leader of the faithful. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">After the Prophet Muhammad&#8217;s death, his closest friend, Abu Bakr, became his successor and led the Muslims for about two years. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">When Abu Bakr felt close to his own death, he gathered his closest friends and advisors around and announced that their loyalty to him had ended. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Abu Bakr hoped that these men would choose his successor. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">After much discussion, however, his companions came back to him and asked him to vote because they no doubt trusted his decision. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Abu Bakr chose Umar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Some of the men around Abu Bakr were concerned that Umar, known as a very tough and rough man, was too hard on people. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Abu Bakr replied by saying that he thought Umar was the best of them. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Despite these initial reservations by some of the men from Medina, Umar was appointed the second Khalif of the Muslims. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He started his reign by turning to people and immediately explaining his expectations. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar knew that people feared him because of his harsh reputation, and he addressed this issue.<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He said: \u201cO people, you know that I have been appointed to handle your affairs, realize that my roughness is now weakened, but I will continue to be harsh to the oppressors and violators, and I will cheek your cheeks throw the dirt [1]. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">You should know that I will also throw my own cheek in the dirt to defend the people of piety. \u201d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar went on to explain to people that he would take nothing of what their countries produced and nothing of the spoils of war other than what God prescribed, and that he would only use the money in a way that God did satisfy. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was fully aware of the importance of financial justice and that he would be held responsible for any penny or dirham that belonged to the Muslim Ummah. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar also told people that he would increase their salaries and commissions and protect the borders.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The young Muslim nation, for the emergence of which the Prophet Muhammad, God&#8217;s blessings and peace, and his companions had worked so hard, was an Ummah who knew no one else. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Remuneration from the Muslim treasury was paid to each member of the Ummah; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">there was no need to be an official; the wealth of the ever-growing nation was shared fairly. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar did not implement this, he just followed the path of his predecessors, but he promised to increase payments.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar also promised not to send Muslim armies to &#8222;annihilation&#8220; unless the risks were weighed and considered acceptable. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He promised not to keep the soldiers away from their families for long periods of time, and he assured the men that while they were fighting for the Muslim Ummah, and if they did not return, he, the Khalif, would be the father of their children and the provider of their wives will. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar believed that the role of the leader was to protect the people.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This concept seems pretty unusual to us nowadays when we see presidents and prime ministers surrounded by bodyguards and ready to trample everyone to protect themselves and their power. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar Ibn al Khattab, although he was the leader of an empire, had never felt he needed a bodyguard. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He walked through Medina&#8217;s streets like a normal citizen, even at night. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In fact, he was walking the streets at night just to see who was under his protection and to hand out alms undetected.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">One of Umar&#8217;s government years was known as the Year of Ashes. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This year was a big test for the Muslim ummah. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">It was a period of drought and famine when the wind was so hot that it burned the skin like it contained hot ashes. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Meat, butter and milk were unavailable and people existed of little more than dry bread, which was sometimes dipped in oil. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar swore an oath that he would not eat or drink anything that was inaccessible to his people. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Even when groceries were available in the markets again, Umar refused to buy them at inflated prices. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">It was heard that he said, &#8222;How can I be concerned about my subjects and understand them if I don&#8217;t go through the same suffering they go through?&#8220;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">More than fourteen centuries after his reign, Umar is still remembered as a man of justice. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Based on the basic principles of justice, grace and compassion of Islam, Umar treated everyone under his care the same, whether rich or poor, black or white, powerful or weak. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He always feared that God would ask him about his actions. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He was worried that there might be sick or poor people among the believers for whom he had not taken sufficient care. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar ibn Al Khattab has never appointed judges or governors who have asked for such a position, but he carefully selected the most pious members of the Ummah.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar considered himself a simple Muslim, but history reveals that he was anything but simple. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was strong, physically and mentally, he was generous, noble and lived a life of humility. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar followed in the footsteps of his beloved Prophet Muhammad, God&#8217;s blessings and peace be upon him, he followed his example and maintained his traditions. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar&#8217;s whole being was focused on achieving God&#8217;s pleasure; <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">he feared God&#8217;s punishment, but he had hope of paradise. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was able to differentiate between truth and falsehood, he felt pain when the Ummah or one of its members suffered, and he was happy when those under his care worshiped their Lord contentedly and happily. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Umar was one of the four right-wing Khalifas.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Footnotes: <\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">[1] This was an expression that the Arabs of the time used to emphasize a harsh response that left no doubt that oppression and violation of their rights would not be tolerated.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Source: https:\/\/www.islamland.com\/deu\/articles\/umar-das-differenzierer<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(part 1 of 3): \u201cStrengthen Islam with Umar\u201d &nbsp; When the enemies of Islam heard the name Umar, their knees trembled. If they saw Sultan Umar walking on the street, they took a different route. Even Umar&#8217;s friends sometimes found his presence intimidating, and they too feared his anger. However, this man of strength and &#8230; <a title=\"Umar, das Differenzierer\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/umar-das-differenzierer\/\" aria-label=\"Mehr Informationen \u00fcber Umar, das Differenzierer\">Weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[199],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biographies-scholars"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"gform-image-choice-sm":false,"gform-image-choice-md":false,"gform-image-choice-lg":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Site Admin","author_link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/author\/admin2\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"(part 1 of 3): \u201cStrengthen Islam with Umar\u201d &nbsp; When the enemies of Islam heard the name Umar, their knees trembled. If they saw Sultan Umar walking on the street, they took a different route. Even Umar&#8217;s friends sometimes found his presence intimidating, and they too feared his anger. However, this man of strength and&hellip;","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcT0IL-2av","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":8491,"url":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/die-prophezeiungen-von-muhammad\/","url_meta":{"origin":8339,"position":0},"title":"Die Prophezeiungen von Muhammad","author":"Site Admin","date":"20. Juni 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"One way a person proves their prophecy is honesty, whether it is from past, present, or future events. In addition to the Quran, there are numerous sayings from the life of Prophet Muhammad that contain prophecies that deal with the near and distant future. Some of them have already come\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;MUHAMMAD, FRIEDE SEI AUF IHM&quot;","block_context":{"text":"MUHAMMAD, FRIEDE SEI AUF IHM","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/category\/muhammad-friede-sei-auf-ihm\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6673,"url":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/the-prophecies-of-muhammad\/","url_meta":{"origin":8339,"position":1},"title":"The Prophecies of Muhammad","author":"Site Admin","date":"6. Juni 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"One of the ways in which a person proves his prophethood is honesty, whether it be in regards to incidents in the past, in their everyday life, or things to come in the future. In addition to the Quran, there are many sayings of Prophet Muhammad which contain prophecies he\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/category\/prophet-muhammad\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4716,"url":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/christian-missionaries-on-the-historical-method-and-science-of-hadith\/","url_meta":{"origin":8339,"position":2},"title":"Christian Missionaries on the Historical Method and Science of Hadith","author":"Site Admin","date":"24. M\u00e4rz 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"By Bassam Zawadi \u00a0 Missionaries raising polemics against Islam have a constant habit of citing from what Muslims deem to be weak sources. They think that the Western historical method is superior to the Muslim's historical method of verification. Thus, when they examine our Islamic sources they apply their own\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Most Common Doubts&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Most Common Doubts","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/category\/most-common-doubts\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6879,"url":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/muhammed-umar-rao-ex-hindu-brahmin\/","url_meta":{"origin":8339,"position":3},"title":"Muhammed Umar Rao, Ex-Hindu, Brahmin","author":"Site Admin","date":"7. Juni 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"God\u2019s grace that I\u2019m blessed with religion of God, I\u2019m Mohammed Umar Rao from India, I embraced Islam 6 years back at the age of 18. I wanted to share my story with you all perhaps this would make a difference for non-Muslims to really think over to know what\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Why I became a Muslim&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Why I became a Muslim","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/category\/became-muslim\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6769,"url":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/misconceptions-about-animals-rights-cruelty-to-impure-animals\/","url_meta":{"origin":8339,"position":4},"title":"Misconceptions about Animals Rights: Cruelty to impure animals.","author":"Site Admin","date":"7. Juni 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Cruelty to impure animals. Islam is a religion devoted to the concept of mercy. Muslims are encouraged to be merciful towards each other, towards all of humankind, towards animals, and even towards the environment. God is the Most Merciful and all mercy originates from Him. When Prophet Muhammad explained the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Misconceptions&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Misconceptions","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/en\/category\/misconceptions\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":7807,"url":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/es\/breve-historia-del-islam\/","url_meta":{"origin":8339,"position":5},"title":"Breve historia del Islam","author":"Site Admin","date":"18. Juni 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Cerca del a\u00f1o 570, naci\u00f3 un ni\u00f1o que ser\u00eda llamado Muhammad y que se convertir\u00eda en el Profeta de una de las religiones m\u00e1s grandiosas del mundo, el Islam. \u00c9l naci\u00f3 dentro dentro de una familia perteneciente a un clan de Quraish, la tribu gobernante de Meca, una ciudad ubicada\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Introducci\u00f3n al Islam&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Introducci\u00f3n al Islam","link":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/es\/category\/introduccion-al-islam\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8339","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8339"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8339\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11894,"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8339\/revisions\/11894"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8339"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8339"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ask-a-muslim.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}